Rotary compressor or the like.



W. VON PITTLER. ROTARY COMPRESSOR OR THE LIKE.

' APPLICATION FILED JANA, 1910.

Patented Nov. 8, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W. VON PITTLER. ROTARY COMPRESSOR OR THE LIKE.

APPLICATION IILED JANA, 1910.

Patented Nov. 8, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. VON PITTLER. ROTARY COMPRESSOR OR THE LIKE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 4,1910. 974,91 3.

m M 00 PM W11 mm 4 ,4. w m P I l II. n.

a [ii/A 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Patented Nov. 8, 1910.

IIIIIII/ J7; 216/; 50 1 WM ni/0 IIIIIIIIIIIIII W. VON PITTLER. ROTARYCOMPRESSOR OR THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-4, 1910.

YIII/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/IIIIIIIIIIIIIII/llfl'IIIIIIIIIlI/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIFIII'IIIII/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ifimemwz W LL' TTE WILHELM VON PITTLER, 0F WILMERSDORF, NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY.

ROTARY COMPRESSOR. on. THE 'LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 8, 1910.

Application filed January 4, 1910. Serial No. 536,393.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILHELM voN PITT- LER, a subject of the King ofPrussia, residing at Wilmersdorf, near Berlin, Germany, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Compressors or the Like,of which the following is a specification. 7

The present invention relates to a rotary engine, in which the piston orpistons is or are fixed in a disk or drum revolving in a'casing, whilethe abutment or abutments is or are movable, so as to allow the pistonsto pass.

. According to the present invention the disk has on its sidesubstantially level or plane faces,,over which the pistons project withsuitable curves of transition, which control the abutment slides movableaxially in guides arranged in the casing and kept in contact with thedisk by suitable means.

The'parts are so arranged, that during the revolution of the disksliding friction in the direction of rotation can occur only at the endsor contact faces of the slides, which touch the sides or faces of thepiston disk, while the inner and outer sides are subject only tofriction in an axial direction, and consequently there isnowhere'frictional motion in two directions at right angles to eachother, For this purpose independent abutment slides are provided foreach side of the piston disk which are independently movable by suitablemeans, and said abutment slides slide outside on guiding surfaces of thestationary casing, while or? the inside they move alon stationarybushes, which surround the ax'e of the piston disk and extend to thesides of the disk or prefe'rably somewhat into the disk.

An important part of the invention consists further in means forregulating. the

working pressure of the machine, if used as a compressor or vacuum pumpby setting out of action the controlling device for the abutment slides,if the desired pressure or vacuum is. exceeded, so that the engine runswithout load. I p The engine may be used as a compressor, vacuum-pump,compressed air engine, hydraulic pump 'or; motor and generally as afluid pressure engine. y The drawing shows an example of an engineserving as a compressor.

- the disk.. The disk 3 has on each Figure 1 is a longitudinal section,Fig. 2 a transverse section along line AB of Fig. 1 looking toward theright, Fig. 3 a right hand end View of Fig. l and Fig. 4 shows thecircumference of the piston disk and piston extended into a plane, Fig.5 shows in longitudinal section, correspond ing to Fig. 1, the modifiedright end part of the engine, Fig. 6 is a transverse section along l1ne0-D of Fig. 5, and Figs. 7 and 8 show the cock Valve according to Figs.5 and 6 in different positions. Fig. 9 is a vertical section of amodification showing .the pressure reservoir directly connected to valvecasing 13. Fig. 10 is a vertical, longitudinal section through amodified form,

.showing the outlet valves mounted in the abutment slides. Fig. 11 is avertical section, and Fig. 12 a horizontal section of one of the slidesshown in Fig. 10.

In a cylindrical casing 1a: is mounted a cylindrical disk-shaped body 3on a thickened part 2 of the axle 2, which is mounted in the covers 1*,1 of the casing by means of bushes 4. The length of the thickened part 2is slightly less than the thickness of the disk 3, so that the bushes 4,which reach to.the boss 2, extend a short distance into side a pistonprovided with transition surfaces or cams in the shape of a flatswelling 3 or 3 (Fig. 4). The slides .5 5 sliding in slots of the covers1', 1 are guided with their edges facing the axle by the bushes 4 andare held in contact with the disks 3 by suitable means. The pistons 3and 3 are preferably arranged on the disks 3 symmetrically, for insuringa complete balancing of piece 7, in order to always insure a tightcontact with the plane inner faces of the covers 1 and 1". The packingpieces 7 have preferably a level face of eater width than the face ofthe abutment s ides 5 5 to insure, that they will never for a momentlose their guidance on the covers of the casing, even in moving past-theabutment slides.

The suction ports 8 and delivery ports,

' uated on both sides of the slides 5 in the communicating respectivelywith the suction pipe 9 and delivery pipe 11 are sitcasing 1 (Figs. land4:). No,valves are provided in thelsuction conduits, but valves 6 6 arenecessary on the pressure side, as

, otherwise, when the pistons 3 3 pass in front of the pressure openings10, pressure air would flow back into the working chambers, which'atthat moment are still under atmospheric pressure, and when the enginetrolvalve 13, from which a passage 1 1 leads to the back of the slide 5and a passage 15 adjoining a duct 14: leads through a duct 16 to theback of the slide 5*. The valve 13 serves to eliminate the efiect of thecompressor, as soon as the allowable pressure of the same is exceeded,which may ocour for instance, if not enough compressed air is abstractedfrom the pressure reservoir. The valve 13 has a differential pistoncomposed of pistons 17 and 17 there is an excess of fiuid pressure inthe upward direction, and as a rule, this is overcome by the I action ofthe spring 18, which keeps the 35 piston in contact with the set screw20, as shown by the drawing. In'this' position the ducts 1 1" and 14 areopen, so that 'the slides.

5 and 5 are pressed against the disk 3. The pressure of the spring 18 isadjusted by means of the screw 19, 1n such a manner that at the desiredpressure caused by the compression there exists equilibrium. If thepressure rises further, the excess of upward pressure on the piston 17overcomes the pressure of the spring 18, the differential piston rises,and the lower piston 17 closes the ductsl l 1 1, against the supply ofprescommunication sure air, while estabhshing between the said ducts andthe ducts 21, 21 leading to the atmosphere. Consequently the slides 5*,5 remain thrust back, so that the pistons simply carry with them bytheir rotary motion the volume of air contained in the working chamberand the compressor' therefore runs without load.

To prevent the slides from being thrown back violently, when relieved oftheir load, the ascending surfaces 3 and 3 of the pistons have the shapeof slow inclines. This insures the further advantage, that the nonreturnvalves 6. and 6 arranged in the pressure openings, which valves openafter the required pressure at the back of the same has been attained,will slowly descend upon their seats, while the apex of the pistonsapproaches the abutment slides. The shape of the descending curves is tobe chosen only'with regard to the motion ofthe slides and they may befairly steep. Y

In order that the slides may be loaded also in starting the compressor,independently of the pressure reservoir which may be perhaps quiteempty, an auxiliary reservoir 22 is ar-' pressure in the latterdecreases, is prevented by the check valve 24 arranged in the conduit23, so that on the stoppage of, the machine the pressure in thereservoir 22 is preserved.

In starting the machine, the stopcock 26 arranged in the conduit 25 isopened and the stopcock 27 arranged in the conduit 12 (and which is openduring normal working) is closed. After that compressed air flows fromthe receptacle 22 through pipe 25 to the back of the slide 5 and through1 1 1-1", 15, 16 also to the back of the slide 5". After some time thecook 27 is re-opened and the cock 26 closed. As an alternative, the pipe7 25 maybe joined to the valve 13, in which case the duct 12 togetherwith cook 27 may be omitted and the loading of the slide permanentlyefiected through the intermediary of the receptacle 22 asshown in Fig.9.

For pressing on the slides, at the time of starting the machine, aloading spring may be employed, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. This spririgmay be allowed to act permanently in addition to the air pressure, or itmay be arranged so that it can beset out of action by hand, asrepresented, or automatically byutilizing in a suitable manner thepressure of the loading medium.

According to Figs. 5 and 6 the loading spiral "spring 28 acts upon theslide 5 by means of a lever 29 journaled at 30, a pin 31 articulated tothe end of'the lever 29' bearing against the bottom of a sleeve 32 fixedto the rear end of the slide. purpose of relieving the slide of thespring load, a cam 33 is fixed on an axle 34 which may be .turned to acertain extent bymeans of a handle 35 in the direction of the arrow,

For the upon by the fluid compressed by the machine. The valve 39 hasthree radial slots 41, 42 and 43 corresponding to slots 38, 44, and 46respectively in the bush 40 receiving the valve. The slot 42 is of agreater width than the other slots, so that it may communicate with theslot 44 of the bush in both positions of the valve shown in Figs. 7 and8.

Compressed fluid is led by the pipe 36 and the connection 53 into thecylinder 54 above the piston 55 located within said cylinder. At normalpressure a spring 5'7 surrounding the piston rod 56 overcomes the fluidpressure and holds the piston in its uppermost position according toFig. 6, where it abuts against the screw plug 60. In this position ofthe piston a pin 58 at the free outward end of the piston rod 56 actsupon the crank pin 52 of a crank 51 which is fixed on the axle of thevalve 39,

in such a manner as to give to the valve 39' a the position shown inFig. 7. In this posi= tion the compressed fluid flowing through pipe 36and branch pipe 37 has free passage through slots 38, 41, 42, 44, andchannel 45 to the chamber 48 .in the back of the slide 5 and from herethrough channel 49 and pipe 50 to the corresponding chamber in the backof slide 5". WVhen however the fluid pressure exceeds a certain degree,the

pressure u'pon the piston overcomes the tension of the spring andconsequently ef-' fects a downward movement, the -rate.of whichcorresponds to the degree of the surplus pressure. \Vhen this degreereaches a certain amount, a second pin 59 on the piston rod 56 strikesthe crank pin 52 so that the valve 39 is moved into the position shownin Fig. 8. In this position the admission of compressed fluid from thepipe 37 to the chamber 48 is cutoff, while the latter is put intocommunication with the 1 atmosphere by intermediance of channel 45,slots 44, 42, 43, 46 and passage 47, vso that the slide 5 remains in itspushed back position. The corresponding chamber in the back of slide 5*,being in communication with the chamber 48, is at the same time put incommunication with the atmosphere and consequently thisslide is alsorelieved of the loading pressure.

In the modification represented in Figs. 5 to 8 the auxiliary reservoir22 shown in Figs. 1 to 3 is dispensed with and the pipe 36 issubstituted for the passage 12 shown in Fig. 1. The special arrangementof the fluid pressure relieving device according to Figs. 5 to 8offers-the advantage of avoiding a continuous change from load torelieve and vice versa by the influence of slightly increasing anddecreasing height of pressure, the idle space between the pins 58 and 59admitting a certain increase and decrease before the valve 39 isreversed the abutment.

- axially movable in Different alterations in construction could be madewithout departing from the spirit of the invention. For example thepressure valves 6 could be arranged in the ends of the abutment slides,This arrangement would secure the further advantage of reducing to aminimum the waste space. Such an arrangement is shown in Figs. 10-12,wherein the abutments 5 and 5 are made hollow and open at the back. Eachslide has a lateral port 5 closed by a valve 6 and 6 mounted within theabutments. This valve is preferably made in one piece with its springarms a which are secured by rivets or otherwise to one of the verticalwalls of At the back of each abutment its open end communicates with thepipes 28 and 28 that receive the compressed air and deliver it throughthe pipe 28 connected to both of them.

If the engine is used as a compressor, the casing, its covers, as wellas the piston .disk are provided in the known manner with canals andhollow spaces for cooling, as represented.

I-Iaving thus described the invention, what I claim as new is: r

1. In combination, a cylindrical revolving disk having substantiallyflat side faces, a piston mounted on one side face of said disk ingincluding said disk, an axle for the disk, a bushon the axle, and anabutment slide axially movable in a guideway of the casing in contactwith said disk and piston, said slide being guided with its outer edgeface on a stationary guiding surface of the casing and with its innerface on the bush surrounding the axle of the disk and extending atleastto the plane of the flat side of the disk.

2. In combination, a cylindrical r volving disk having substantiallyflat side faces, pis tons mounted on both side faces of said disk andprovided with transition surfaces, a casing including said disk, andabutment slides guideways of the casing incontact with said disk andpistons, said slides being guided with their outer edge faces onstationary guiding-surfaces of the casing and with their inner edgefaces on bushes surrounding the axle of the disk and extending at leastto the planes of the flat faces of said disk.

3. In combination, a casing, piston, an abutment slide movable in theeasing with relation to the piston, means for controlling the slide andexerting pressure from the delivery side of the piston behind saidslide, and means for placing said controlling. means out-of action andsimultaneously relieving the pressure behind the abutment.

4. In combination, a casing, a,revolving and provided with transitionsurfaces, a casl a revolving piston flanked by transition surfaces, amovable abutment in the casing cooperating with said piston andsurfaces, means to load the abutment by fluid pressure and means actingto control the abutment loading fluid and simultaneously relieve theabutment of the load thereof.

5. In combination, a casing, a revolving piston mounted therein, camsflanking the piston, an abutment slidable in the casing and in operativerelation to the piston and said piston, cams for controllin cams, meansto supply motive fluid behind the abutment and a cut-01f device in saidsupply automatically operated by the fluid delivered by said piston.

6. In combination, a casing, a revolving piston, an abutment in workingrelation to said abutment, means to supply working uid back of theabutment,"a cut-off valve, inserted in said means, a cylinder having apassage for leading compressed fluid thereto, a springpressed pistonwithin said cylinder, and

means for transmitting the movement of said piston to said valve.

7. In combination, a casing, a revolving piston, an abutment in workingrelation to said piston, cams for controlling said abutment, a passageto supply compressed fluid to said abutment, a cut-ofii valve and casinginserted into the passa e for t e supply of compressed fluid to t e backf the abutment,.said casing having'three passages two of whichcommunicate with the supply passage, while the third'communicates withthe atmosphere, 9: cylinder, a passage for leading compressed fluid .tosaid cylinder, a piston within said cylinder, means for transmitting themovement of said piston to said valve, the valvebeing so arranged thatin its normal position the compressed fluid has free access to the backof the abutment through the supply passages, while when the fluidpressure overcomes the spring pressure, the

fluid supply-to the abutment is cut off and a communicationisestablished between the back .of the abutment and the atmosphere.

v8. In combination, a casing, arevolving piston, an'abutment in workingrelation to said piston, cams for controlling said abutment and means toload the abutment with compressed fluid, a cut-off value to control thesupply of compressed fluid to the back of the abutment, a, crank on thevalve, 'a

cylinder, a fluid supply passage in connection with said cylinder, aspring-pressed piston within said cylinderya piston rod connected tosaid piston and in working relation 'to the crank. v

9. In combination, a casmg, a revolving piston, an abutment in workingrelation to said piston, cams for controlling said abutment, means toload the'ab'utment with compressed fluid, a cut-off valve' to controlthe ment in wor supplyof compressed fluid to the .back of the abutm eht,a cylinder, a fluid supply passage in connection with saidcylinder, aspringpressed piston within said cylinder, a piston rod connected tosaid piston,-two abutm'ents on said piston rod, a crank on the axle ofsaid valve, the pin ofsa-id axle being situated between the abutments ofthe piston rod which are arranged at such distance as to allow idlemotion of the piston before one of the pins strikes the crankpin.

10. In combination, a casing, a revolving.

piston flanked by cams, an abutment in working relation to said piston,a springpressed lever acting on said abutment and means for moving saidlever against the whereby the turning of said cam actuates the leveragainst the action of its loading spring. 13. In combination, a casing,a revolving piston havin transition surfaces an abuting relation to saidpiston, a spring to exert pressure on said I piston,

means acting on the spring for relieving the abutment of spring ressure,means forsupplying compressed uid on the back of said abutment and meansfor relieving said fluid pressure.

14. In combination, a casing, a rotary disk mounted therein and having apiston there-. on, an abutment slide mounted in the casing andcooperating with the piston, and means to operate said slide by fluidpressure from the delivery side of the piston and maintain said pressuresubstantially uniform..

15. In combination, a casing, stationary bushings in the" casing, ashaft directl mounted in the bushings, a disk on the shat between thebushings, said bushingsextendin to the face of the disk, pistons on thedis r, abutment slides mounted in the casing and sliding throughouttheir entire length on .'said bushings and means to urge the slidestoward said disk.

16. In combination, a'casing, a rotary piston mounted thereinfa slidingabutment in operative relation to the piston, means to load the abutmentwith fluid compressed by said piston, and means operated by thecompression pressure of said fluid to control the pressure of theloading fluid.

17. In combination, a casing,- a rotary pismama ton mounted therein, asliding abutment in operative relation to said piston, an auxiliaryreservoir into which fluid compressed by said piston may discharge, andmeans to supply compressed fluid at the back of said abutment from saidreservoir.

18. In combination, a casing, a rotary piston mounted therein, a slidingabutment in operative relation to said piston, means to supply fluidcompressed by said piston to said sliding abutment, mechanism to controlsaid supply, an auxiliary reservoir, and means to supply pressure fluidfrom said reservoir to the abutment.

19. In combination, a casing, a rotary piston mounted therein, aplurality of sliding abutments in operative relation to said piston,means to supply pressure fluid behind said abutments, mechanism tocontrol said supply, an auxiliary reservoir, means to supply pressurefluid from said reservoir to one of the abutments and thence through thecontrolling mechanism to the remaining abutments.

20. In combination, a casing, a rotary .piston therein, a plurality ofsliding abutments in, operative relation to said piston, means toconnect'the delivery side of said piston WVIltll the backs of saidabutments, a controlling mechanism interposed between the delivery sideof the piston and the abutments to control the'supply of pressure fluidto the latter, a valve between said mecha-' nism and the delivery sideof the piston, an

auxiliary reservoir, means to\ supply pressure fluidfrom' the reservgirto sald, abutments upon starting, said valve for the time being, beingclosed. 21. In combination, a casing, a rotary piston therein, slidingabutments in operative relation to the piston, means to supply pressurefluidto said abutments, to urge them toward the piston, and a mechanismto simultaneously control the supply of pressure fluid to said abutmentsand vent their urging pressure fluid to the atmosphere.

each abutment, means to set said springloading means out' of operation,means to supply pressure fluid to said. abutments, and

mechanlsm to simultaneously and automatically control the supply ofpressure fluid to said abutments and vent their urging pressure fluid tothe atmosphere.

24. In combination, a casing, a rotary piston mounted therein, slidingabutmentsin operative relation to said piston,-means to maintain thepressure of the pressure fluid on said abutments uniform.

25. In combination, a casing, stationary bushes mounted in the casing, ashaft mount ed in the bushes and having an enlarged central portionbetween the bushes, a piston mounted on said enlarged portion and projecting over the ends of said bushes, and abutment slides mounted in thecasing and having full bearing at one side on the bushes under allconditions of operation.

v26. In combination, a casing, a rotary piston therein, slidingabutments in operative relation to the piston, means to supply pressurefluid from the delivery side of said piston to the backs of theabutments to load themand pressure fluid operated means to vent theloading fluid to the atmosphere.

27 In combination, a casing, a rotary pis ton therein, a slidingabutment in operative relation to the piston, means to supply pres surefluid from the delivery side of said piston to the back of said abutmentto load it, automatic means actuated by pressure fluid to vent theloading fluid to the atmosphere.

28. In combination, a casing, a rotary piston therein, a slidingabutment in operative relation to the piston, means to supplypressurefluid behind the abutment, a yalve controlled by the pressure of saidfluid to vent the loading fluid back of the abutment t0 the atmosphere,a reservoir for ressure fluid and means to supply pressure uid from thereservoir to the back of the abutment.

29. In combination, a casing a rotary piston therein a sliding abutmentin operative relation to the piston, a pressure fluid reservoir, apressure fluid actuated valve and means to supplythe contents of thereservoir through said valve to the back of the abutment, said valveincluding means whereby pressure fluid may be automatically vented totheatmosphere.

30. In'combin ation, a casing,a revolving piston therein, a movableabutment, slidable.

in the casing in Working relation to said piston, and means to supplypressure fluid from d mg starting, and means to supply pressure fluid tothe abutment from the delivery side of the piston whensuflicientpressure has been attained on said delivery side.

32. Thecombination of a casing, a revolvthe delivery side of the pistonto and main A ing piston therein and an abutment slide in In testimonywhereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses? operativerelation to the piston; of mech- I WILHELM VON PITTLER.

anism to supply fluid from the delivery side of the piston to the backof the abutment 5 slide said mechanism automatically con- Witnesses:

trolled by the compression pressure of said AUGUST TRAUTMANN, fluid. I aA I HENCRY HASPER.

